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HomeMy WebLinkAboutOrdinance 2775 N.C.S. 05/17/2021 Ordinance No. 2775 N.C.S. Page 1 EFFECTIVE DATE OF ORDINANCE June 16, 2021 ORDINANCE NO. 2775 N.C.S. Introduced by: D’Lynda Fischer Seconded by: Dave King AN ORDINANCE OF THE COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF PETALUMA AMENDING THE PETALUMA MUNICIPAL CODE TO ADD A NEW CHAPTER 17.09 ENTITLED “ALL-ELECTRIC CONSTRUCTION IN NEWLY CONSTRUCTED BUILDINGS” TO TITLE 17 ENTITLED “BUILDING AND CONSTRUCTION” AND AMENDING MUNICIPAL CODE SECTION 17.04.010(J) TO REMOVE THE 2019 CALIFORNIA GREEN BUILDING STANDARDS TIER 1 INCENTIVE FOR ALL-ELECTRIC CONSTRUCTION WHEREAS, the 2019 Edition of the California Building Standards Code (CBSC) took effect throughout California on January 1, 2020 and provides standards for both the use of natural gas and electricity for substantially the same purposes, such as heating buildings, cooking food, etc.; and WHEREAS, Health and Safety Code Sections 17958.5 and 18941.5 authorizes local agencies to establish more restrictive building standards than those specified in the CBSC, including, but not limited to, green building standards, that are reasonably necessary because of local climatic, geological, or topographical conditions based on and in accordance with the findings required by Health and Safety Code Section 17958.7 and the other requirements imposed by Section 17958.7; and WHEREAS, on December 16, 2019 the Petaluma City Council adopted Urgency Ordinance No. 2705 N.C.S to adopt by reference the 2019 California Buildings Standards Code, including amendments reasonably necessary because of local climatic, topographic, and geologic conditions, specifying an effective date for Urgency Ordinance 2705 N.C.S. of January 1, 2020; and WHEREAS, also on December 16, 2019 the City Council introduced Ordinance No. 2708 N.C.S., a regular ordinance to adopt by reference the 2019 California Buildings Standards Code, including local amendments reasonably necessary because of local climatic, topographic, and geologic conditions; and WHEREAS, Urgency Ordinance No. 2705 N.C.S. provided that it would automatically expire and be repealed upon Ordinance No. 2708 N.C.S. taking effect, and on January 6, 2020, the Petaluma City Council adopted Ordinance No. 2708 N.C.S. and, in doing so, adopted by reference the 2019 California Buildings Standards Code including local amendments reasonably necessary because of local climatic, topographic, and geologic conditions, and Ordinance 2708 N.C.S. took effect on February 6, 2020, thirty days after its adoption, at which time Urgency Ordinance No. 2705 N.C.S. expired and was repealed, with Ordinance No. 2708 N.C.S remaining in effect; and WHEREAS, on May 6, 2019, the City Council adopted Resolution No. 2019-055 N.C.S. declaring a climate emergency and elevating climate issues to the highest priority in its goal setting; and WHEREAS, on January 11, 2021, the City Council adopted a Climate Emergency Framework to guide the City in developing and implementing further climate change response efforts including, among other things, setting a goal for Petaluma to achieve carbon neutrality by 2030; and DocuSign Envelope ID: 3996DB94-3AF4-4A6B-B5C8-A7BDC5506B4A Ordinance No. 2775 N.C.S. Page 2 WHEREAS, the Climate Emergency Framework identifies, “Electrification – to eliminate fossil fuel use in buildings (i.e., switch end uses from natural gas or propane to electricity)” as a strategy and action to help achieve the City’s carbon neutrality goal; and WHEREAS, human activities, such as burning natural gas to heat buildings or cook food, releases greenhouse gases into the atmosphere and contributes to an overall increase in global average temperature, and increases in global average temperatures cause more extreme and frequent weather events; and WHEREAS, greenhouse gas emissions from natural gas are a significant contributor to climate change, and omitting natural gas fueled appliances in new buildings will reduce the amount of natural gas that is burned, thus reducing the amount of greenhouse gases emitted into the atmosphere and helping to avoid further global average temperature increase and resulting more extreme and frequent weather events; and WHEREAS, California Health and Safety Code Section 17958.7 provides that before making any changes or modifications to the CBSC pursuant to Section 17958.7, the governing body must make an express finding that such modifications or changes are reasonably necessary because of local climatic, geological or topographical conditions, that such findings must be available as a public record, that a copy of the findings together with the modifications or changes expressly marked and identified to which each finding refers, must be filed with the State Building Standards Commission, and that no modification or change shall become effective or operative for any purpose until the findings and the modifications or changes have been filed with the Commission, and that the Commission may reject a modification or change if no finding was submitted; and WHEREAS, the Petaluma City Council now desires to adopt further local amendments to the 2019 CBSC, including green building standards, that are reasonably necessary because of local climatic, topographic, and geologic conditions in accordance with findings included in this ordinance in accordance with the requirements of Health & Safety Code Section 17958.7, which findings are a public record; and WHEREAS, nothing in this ordinance is intended to amend California Energy Code requirements in Part 6 of Title 24 of the California Code of Regulations; and WHEREAS, nothing in this ordinance is intended to amend or conflict with any provisions of the National Appliance Energy Conservation Act of 1975 or to impose requirements to use or install any particular appliance or appliance system; and WHEREAS, this ordinance enacts regulations constituting a project under the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) in accordance with Section 15378, subdivisions (a) and (b) of the CEQA Guidelines, because, although, as a regulatory action, the ordinance will result in no direct physical change in the environment, the ordinance has a potential for resulting in reasonably foreseeable indirect physical change in the environment related to new building construction by imposing requirements that new buildings use electricity for energy use rather than natural gas, and because the ordinance is subject to discretionary approval by the City Council; and WHEREAS, notwithstanding the potential of this ordinance to result in reasonably foreseeable indirect physical change in the environment through its regulation of new building construction, this ordinance is exempt from the requirements of CEQA, pursuant to CEQA Guidelines Section 15061(b)(3), covered by the commonsense exemption that CEQA applies only to projects which have the potential for causing a significant effect on the environment, and in accordance with the findings and analysis in Section 2, it can be seen with certainty that there is no possibility that this ordinance will have a significant effect on the environment; and WHEREAS, this ordinance is exempt from the requirements of CEQA pursuant to CEQA Guidelines Section 15307 as an action taken by the City as authorized by state law to assure the maintenance, restoration, or enhancement of a natural resource where the regulatory process involves procedures for protection of the DocuSign Envelope ID: 3996DB94-3AF4-4A6B-B5C8-A7BDC5506B4A Ordinance No. 2775 N.C.S. Page 3 environment, in accordance with the findings and analysis in Section 2; and WHEREAS, this ordinance is exempt from the requirements of CEQA pursuant to CEQA Guidelines Section 15308 as an action taken by the City as authorized by state law to assure the maintenance, restoration, enhancement, or protection of the environment where the regulatory process involves procedures for protection of the environment, in accordance with the findings and analysis in Section 2; and WHEREAS, the ordinance will prohibit natural gas in newly constructed buildings and, thereby, in accordance with the findings and analysis in Section 2, result in cumulative improvements in indoor air quality by requiring the use of indoor cooking appliances powered by electricity the use of which causes no air emissions, and in a cumulative reduction in greenhouse gas emissions that are a significant contributor to climate change; and WHEREAS, this ordinance’s requiring the use of electrical power in newly constructed buildings will not result in cumulative adverse effects on air quality and greenhouse gas emissions related to existing and potential future new sources of electrical power generation, in accordance with the findings and analysis in Section 2; and WHEREAS, this ordinance’s requiring the use of electrical power may result in relatively small, incremental increases in electricity demand; however, such increases would not result in adverse effects which are cumulatively considerable, in accordance with the findings and analysis in Section 2; and WHEREAS, pursuant to CEQA Guidelines Section 15300.2, subdivision (c), there is no reasonable possibility that this ordinance will have a significant effect on the environment due to unusual circumstances, in accordance with the findings and analysis in Section 2; and WHEREAS, each of the CEQA exemptions summarized in the foregoing and that apply to this ordinance in accordance with the findings and analysis in Section 2 provides a separate and independent basis finding this ordinance to be exempt from the requirements of CEQA; and WHEREAS, prior to adopting this ordinance, the City Council reviewed the environmental analysis prepared in accordance with CEQA and which is contained in Section 2 of this ordinance, and received and considered all written and oral comments on potential environmental effects of the ordinance which were submitted up to and at the time of the public hearing. NOW THEREFORE BE IT ORDAINED by the City Council of the City of Petaluma as follows: Section 1. Recitals incorporated as findings. The City Council hereby finds and determines the foregoing recitals to be true and correct and hereby incorporates them into this ordinance as findings and determinations of the City Council. Section 2. California environmental quality act analysis and findings. This ordinance is exempt from the requirements of the CEQA in accordance with the following discussion and analysis. Each of the CEQA exemptions discussed below provides a separate and independent basis for finding this ordinance exempt from CEQA. A. CEQA Project. This ordinance enacts regulations constituting a project under the CEQA in accordance with Section 15378, subdivisions (a) and (b) of the CEQA Guidelines, because, although, as a regulatory action, the ordinance will result in no direct physical change in the environment, the ordinance has a potential for resulting in reasonably foreseeable indirect physical change in the environment related to new building construction by imposing requirements that new buildings use electricity for energy use rather than natural gas, and because the ordinance is subject to discretionary approval by the City Council. DocuSign Envelope ID: 3996DB94-3AF4-4A6B-B5C8-A7BDC5506B4A Ordinance No. 2775 N.C.S. Page 4 B. Common Sense Exemption. Notwithstanding the potential of this ordinance to result in reasonably foreseeable indirect physical change in the environment through its regulation of new building construction, this ordinance is exempt from the requirements of CEQA pursuant to the commonsense exemption in CEQA Guidelines Section 15061(b)(3) that CEQA applies only to projects that have the potential for causing a significant effect on the environment, and in accordance with the findings and analysis in this section it can be seen with certainty that there is no possibility that this ordinance will have a significant effect on the environment. This ordinance would impose regulatory standard (e.g., prohibition of natural gas in new buildings) that is more stringent than that set forth in the CBSC. Application of the more stringent standard through subsequent new building construction plan review will result in new buildings with better indoor air quality, fewer emissions adversely affecting outdoor air quality, and fewer greenhouse gas emissions which have deleterious effects on numerous aspects of the environment. C. §15307 Exemption for Maintenance, Restoration, or Enhancement. This ordinance is exempt from CEQA pursuant to CEQA Guidelines Section 15307 as an action taken by the City of Petaluma to assure the maintenance, restoration, or enhancement of a natural resource where the regulatory process involves procedures for protection of the environment. This ordinance would impose a regulatory standard (e.g., prohibition of natural gas in new buildings) that is more stringent than that set forth in the CBSC. Application of the more stringent standard through subsequent construction plan review will result in new buildings with improved indoor air quality, fewer emissions adversely effecting outdoor air quality, and fewer greenhouse gas emissions which have deleterious effects on numerous aspects of the environment. D. §15308 Exemption for Maintenance Restoration, Enhancement or Protection. This ordinance is exempt from CEQA pursuant to CEQA Guidelines Section 15308 as an action taken by the City of Petaluma to assure the maintenance, restoration, enhancement, or protection of the environment where the regulatory process involves procedures for protection of the environment. This ordinance would impose a regulatory standard (e.g., prohibition of natural gas in new buildings) that is more stringent than that set forth in the CBSC. Application of the more stringent standard through subsequent construction plan review will result in new buildings with better indoor air quality, fewer emissions adversely effecting outdoor air quality, and fewer greenhouse gas emissions which have deleterious effects on numerous aspects of the environment. E. Cumulative Improvement in Air Quality. By requiring the use of indoor appliances powered by electricity that have no emissions this ordinance will result in cumulative improvements in indoor air quality. The combustion of natural gas within buildings, such as for cooking food, produces indoor and outdoor air pollution.1 Burning natural gas creates air pollutants including fine particulate matter, otherwise known as PM2.5, including constituents such as carbon monoxide, formaldehyde, and nitrogen dioxide, all of which contribute to respiratory ailments.2 Children living in homes with gas cooking are 42 percent more likely to have asthma.3 F. Cumulative Reduction in Greenhouse Gas Emissions. This ordinance prohibits natural gas in newly constructed buildings and thereby results in cumulative reductions in greenhouse gas emissions that are a significant contributor to climate change. 1 Weiwei Lin, Bert Brunekreef and Ulrike Gehring, “Meta-analysis of the effects of indoor nitrogen dioxide and gas cooking on asthma and wheeze in children”, International Journal of Epidemiology, no. 42 (2013); pp. 1724–1737. 2 Ibid. 3 Ibid. DocuSign Envelope ID: 3996DB94-3AF4-4A6B-B5C8-A7BDC5506B4A Ordinance No. 2775 N.C.S. Page 5 1. Natural gas is a fossil fuel energy source that is formed deep beneath the earth's surface.4 Natural gas contains many different compounds. The largest component of natural gas is methane, a compound with one carbon atom and four hydrogen atoms (CH4). Natural gas also contains smaller amounts of natural gas liquids (NGL, which are also hydrocarbon gas liquids), and nonhydrocarbon gases, such as carbon dioxide and water vapor. 2. The primary component of natural gas is methane, a short-lived pollutant whose contribution to climate change or “global warming potential” is, pound for pound, 25 times greater than carbon dioxide over a 100-year period.5 3. Methane pollution occurs throughout the natural gas system, from leakages at the point of extraction and along the distribution system, to incidental leakage within homes and buildings.6 Additional methane pollution occurs when natural gas is burned in home and building appliances, including for cooking, clothes drying, water heating, and space heating. 4. According to the Federal Environmental Protection Agency, the largest source of greenhouse gas emissions from human activities in the United States is from burning fossil fuels for electricity, heat, and transportation.7 According to the Bay Area Air Quality Management Agency’s, natural gas combustion, distribution, and usage in buildings accounted in 2015 for 17 percent of all greenhouse gas emissions in the Bay Area.8 G. No Cumulative Adverse Effects. The ordinance requirement limiting newly constructed buildings to electrical power will not result in cumulative adverse effects to air quality or greenhouse gas emissions related to existing and potential future new sources of electrical power generation. The 100 Percent Clean Energy Act of 2018 (Senate Bill 100) requires California utilities to provide carbon neutral electricity by 2045. The Act will achieve this through electricity generated from renewable energy resources and which brings unique benefits to California, including, for example, displaced fossil consumption, reduced air pollution, particularly criteria pollutant emissions and toxic air contaminants, and reduced emissions of greenhouse gases associated with electrical generation. Senate Bill 100 also increases the state’s Renewables Portfolio Standard to 60 percent of retail sales by December 31, 2030 and requires all state agencies to incorporate these targets into their relevant planning. 1. Electricity supply in Sonoma County, including that to be provided to new buildings subject to this ordinance, is provided by Pacific Gas & Electric (PG&E) or, through a community choice program, Sonoma Clean Power. In 2019, PG&E provided electricity statewide that is 29 percent from renewable sources (i.e., not fossil fuels) but which, under Senate Bill 100, will increase to a minimum of 60% by 2030 and 100% by 2045. In 2018, Sonoma Clean Power provided electricity to Sonoma County that is between 97 and 100 percent from renewable sources. Since 2014, Sonoma Clean Power has provided an ‘Evergreen’ electricity service that is 100% from renewable sources. 2. The carbon content and greenhouse gas emissions from the combustion of natural gas in gas burning appliances is not expected to change over time. This ordinance will result in new buildings utilizing 4 United States government, ‘Natural Gas Explained’, the U.S. Energy Information Administration, https://www.eia.gov/energyexplained/natural-gas/, (accessed 1 April 2021). 5 United States government, ‘Overview of Greenhouse Gases’, the United States Environmental Protection Agency, https://www.epa.gov/ghgemissions/overview-greenhouse-gases#methane, (accessed 13 February 2021). 6 Alvarez et al, “Assessment of methane emissions from the U.S. oil and gas supply chain”, Science Magazine Vol. 361 (Issue 6398), pp. 186-188. 7 United States government, ‘Overview of Greenhouse Gases’, the United States Environmental Protection Agency, https://www.epa.gov/ghgemissions/overview-greenhouse-gases#methane, (accessed 13 February 2021). 8 Bay Area Air Quality Management District, ‘Final 2017 Clean Air Plan’, Table 3-2 (2015 GHG Emissions (in 100-yr GWP CO2 Equivalent Metric Tons per Year). DocuSign Envelope ID: 3996DB94-3AF4-4A6B-B5C8-A7BDC5506B4A Ordinance No. 2775 N.C.S. Page 6 electricity rather than natural gas and, therefore, reduce carbon emissions in Petaluma as result of the reduced GHG emissions from generation and use of electricity, especially generation of electricity from renewable sources. 3. This ordinance’s substitution of electricity for natural gas in newly constructed buildings will result in a reduction of greenhouse gas emissions and, in doing so, directly support attainment of the carbon neutrality goal of the 100 Percent Clean Energy Act of 2018 and the carbon neutrality goal of the Climate Emergency Framework. H. No Cumulatively Considerable Adverse Effects from Electricity Demand. The electric energy use requirement for newly constructed buildings pursuant to this ordinance may result in incremental increases in electricity demand. However, such increases would not result in adverse effects which are cumulatively considerable. 1. Within Petaluma, electricity infrastructure, including transmission lines, substations, etc. are provided by PG&E. PG&E’s service area encompasses approximately 70,000 square miles in Northern and Central California, with a service area population of nearly 16 million people.9 Within its service area, PG&E has 5.3 million electric distribution accounts, 4.6 million of which are for residential customers.10 This ordinance would apply to all newly constructed buildings within Petaluma’s incorporated limits. Petaluma is approximately 14 square miles in size and, as of January 1, 2020, had a population of 61,873.11 The size of Petaluma represents approximately 0.02 percent of PG&E’s service area. 2. The Petaluma General Plan 2025 anticipates a total population of 72,707 persons. Based on the 2020 population, a total of 10,834 additional persons are anticipated to reside in Petaluma and to occupy and work in newly constructed buildings subject to this ordinance. However, population data indicates the General Plan population estimate may not be achieved by 2025. According to the California Department of Finance, between 2019 and 2020, Petaluma experienced a population decline of 322 persons or 0.5 percent. 3. New development within Petaluma that would be subject to this ordinance is anticipated to occur in urbanized areas where electrical service currently exists, including “in-fill” properties within incorporated city limits and unincorporated areas within Petaluma’s Urban Growth Boundary that are located at the edge of town adjacent to developed areas. “Sprawl” or “leap-frog” development necessitating the extension of major electrical transmission or distribution lines to areas currently without services is not permitted under the existing, voter-approved Urban Growth Boundary that is incorporated into the Petaluma General Plan 2025 and is also generally prohibited under policies of the Sonoma County Local Agency Formation Commission regarding outside area services. Therefore, this ordinance will not result in the need for construction of new major transmission or distribution facilities or require substantial alteration of existing transmission or distribution facilities to meet resulting energy demands. 4. In a letter from PG&E to the Town of Windsor dated August 21, 2019, PG&E stated its “support for the Town’s efforts to promote efficient all-electric construction…” and that it “welcomes the opportunity to avoid investments in new gas assets that might later prove underutilized as local governments and the state work together to realize long-term decarbonization objectives.” In a follow 9 Pacific, Gas & Electric Company, ‘Company Profile,’ the Pacific, Gas and Electric Company, https://www.pge.com/en_US/about-pge/company-information/profile/profile.page, (accessed 13 February 2021). 10 Ibid. 11 State of California, ‘Population Estimates for Cities, Counties, and the State, January 1, 2019 and 2020’, California Department of Finance, http://www.dof.ca.gov/Forecasting/Demographics/Estimates/e-1/, (accessed 14 February 2021). DocuSign Envelope ID: 3996DB94-3AF4-4A6B-B5C8-A7BDC5506B4A Ordinance No. 2775 N.C.S. Page 7 up letter dated October 9, 2019, PG&E stated that it is continually forecasting needs and performing upgrades to its grid to meet forecasted needs, including shifts in demand resulting from the State’s interest in moving toward electrification. As a result of these efforts PG&E indicates it fully expects to meet the electricity demands of all-electric buildings. These communications indicate that PG&E anticipates reductions in gas infrastructure requirements as result of increased electrification such as that that will result from this ordinance, and also that PG&E anticipates being able to meet increased electricity demand due to electrification without major new electrical infrastructure. 5. The Environmental Impact Report for the Petaluma General Plan 2025 identifies that anticipated growth and development could require that natural gas and electricity purveyors expand existing facilities to serve new development within the City, and concludes a less than significant effect would result. The same conclusion applies to the decreased gas use and increased electricity use anticipated to result from this ordinance, particularly in view of the potential over-estimate of Petaluma population growth under the General Plan 2025. 6. Even if new transmission or distribution facilities become necessary due to increased electrification, and the need for such facilities could be attributed to this ordinance, environmental review to assess the potential environmental impacts of such facilities would be speculative at this time, and therefore meaningful environmental review of such future facilities (if any) is not possible. In addition, the regulatory approval of such infrastructure generally lies outside the jurisdiction of the City of Petaluma and requires regulatory approvals from other agencies such as the California Public Utilities Commission, the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission, the California Energy Commission, and the California Air Resources Board. All such infrastructure that requires discretionary entitlement approvals would necessarily be subject to project-level CEQA review. As a result, the potential environmental impacts of electrical infrastructure that may be needed in the future as result of electrification such as that pursuant to this ordinance, which infrastructure needs are themselves speculative, are also speculative. I. No Significant Impact from Unusual Circumstances. Pursuant to CEQA Guidelines Section 15300.2, no unusual circumstances prevent a determination that this ordinance is exempt from CEQA. 1. Pursuant to CEQA Guidelines 15300.2(a), this ordinance will result in indirect physical effects due to electrification requirements for newly constructed buildings, and such indirect effects are not reasonably foreseeable in terms of precise location. Therefore, the insignificant, indirect effects of this ordinance cannot be tied to a particularly sensitive environment that is designated, mapped, or officially adopted pursuant to law by federal, state, or local agencies. 2. Pursuant to CEQA Guidelines 15300.2(b), this ordinance would result in beneficial rather than adverse cumulative impacts through newly constructed buildings with better indoor air quality, reduced emissions that adversely affect outdoor air quality, and fewer greenhouse gas emissions that have deleterious effects on numerous aspects of the environment. This ordinance will also result in beneficial rather than adverse cumulative impacts through reduced fire risk. Natural gas plumbing in buildings poses fire, explosion, and public safety risks. On average in the United States, a natural gas or oil pipeline catches fire every four days, results in an injury every five days, explodes every 11 days, and leads to a fatality every 26 days.12 In 2010, the explosion of a natural gas pipeline in San Bruno resulted in eight fatalities and destroyed an entire neighborhood. 12 Matt Kelso, ‘Pipeline Incidents Continue to Impact Residents,’ the Fractracker Alliance, https://www.fractracker.org/2018/12/pipeline-incidents-impact-residents/, (accessed 1 April 2021). DocuSign Envelope ID: 3996DB94-3AF4-4A6B-B5C8-A7BDC5506B4A Ordinance No. 2775 N.C.S. Page 8 3. Pursuant to CEQA Guidelines 15300.2(c), there is no reasonable possibility this ordinance will have a significant effect on the environment due to unusual circumstances. This ordinance would apply to require the use of electricity as an energy source in newly constructed buildings. Electricity is a widespread, commonplace, readily available energy source in Petaluma. Many existing buildings in Petaluma utilize both natural gas and electricity. The omission of natural gas from newly constructed buildings will result in substantially similar buildings in terms of construction methods and materials, and their environmental impacts, and the infrastructure and appliances connecting to and installed within such newly constructed buildings, and their environmental impacts. There is also no reasonable possibility this ordinance will result in a significant effect related to seismic or fire events insofar they may be construed as an unusual circumstance. The Petaluma General Plan 2025 and its Environmental Impact Report analyzed the potential effects of both future seismic and fire events in the city and concluded less than significant effects would result from new construction anticipated in the General Plan.13 4. Pursuant to CEQA Guidelines 15300.2(d), this ordinance will not result in damage to scenic resources, including but not limited to, trees, historic buildings, rock outcroppings, or similar resources, within a highway officially designated as a state scenic highway. This ordinance concerns an element of building construction that is generally not visible from the exterior. Additionally, electricity infrastructure extending to/from buildings is, must be placed underground pursuant to Petaluma Municipal Code Section 20.36.140. Accordingly, such infrastructure will have no view impacts. 5. Pursuant to CEQA Guidelines 15300.2(e), this ordinance will apply generally to newly constructed buildings throughout the City of Petaluma. It is not reasonably foreseeable that this ordinance would impact a site that is included on any list of hazardous waste sites compiled pursuant to Section 65962.5 of the Government Code. 6. Pursuant to CEQA Guidelines 15300.2(f), this ordinance will apply generally to newly constructed buildings and will not apply to existing buildings. Therefore, this ordinance will not cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of a historical resource which is, by definition, an existing feature. Section 3. California health & safety code section 17958.7 findings. A. The City Council finds in accordance with the requirements of Health and Safety Code Section 17958.7 that the local amendments to the California Building Standards Code (CBSC) adopted pursuant to this ordinance are reasonably necessary because of the following local climatic, geological, and topographical conditions that affect the city: 1. Wildfire Hazards: The City of Petaluma is prone to drought conditions in which extended periods of time with little to no precipitation has led to decline in available water supplies. Drought conditions have caused Petaluma to pass mandatory water conservation measures (e.g., Resolution 2015-075 N.C.S. concerning Stage 2 of a Water Shortage Contingency Plan). Droughts may dry out wildland vegetation, potentially increasing the risk of wildfire. These climatic conditions manifest during the late summer and fall to create severe fire hazards that threaten the public health and welfare in the City. 13 Petaluma General Plan Environmental Impact Report DocuSign Envelope ID: 3996DB94-3AF4-4A6B-B5C8-A7BDC5506B4A Ordinance No. 2775 N.C.S. Page 9 Hot, dry weather is potentially dangerous to the foothill areas south of Downtown Petaluma and at the city’s northern limits. The Petaluma Fire Department identifies the area south of Downtown as a Very High Fire Hazard Severity Zone (pursuant to Municipal Code Section 17.20.040). Cal Fire identifies the adjacent area beyond the City’s jurisdiction as a Moderate Fire Hazard Severity Zone. The foothill area along the city’s northern limits is designated by Cal Fire as a Moderate and High Fire Hazard Area. The climatic conditions concerning drought, when combined with the geological characteristics of the hills to the south and north of the City, create hazardous conditions. The use of electricity rather than natural gas in newly constructed buildings will reduce greenhouse gas emissions contributing to the effects of global warming. Increased wildfire risk in both severity and frequency has been scientifically linked to global warming. Accordingly, the local amendments to the CBSC establishing electrification requirements for newly constructed buildings pursuant to this ordinance are reasonably necessary to achieve greenhouse gas emission reductions and avoid wildfire risk from global warming, and to avoid wildfire hazards from drought, hot weather, and fire hazard severity zones conditions that exist in the city. 2. Seismicity: The City of Petaluma is located within an active seismic area and includes known fault traces of the Rodgers Creek segment of the Hayward-Rodgers Fault Zone. Ground shaking intensity maps for Petaluma illustrate that ground shaking intensities in different parts of the city can be light, moderate, strong, or very strong. The resulting vibration may cause damage to buildings and infrastructure (primary effects) and ground failures in loose alluvium, landslide deposits, Bay Mud, or poorly compacted fill (secondary effects). The elimination of natural gas appliances in newly constructed buildings would reduce the hazards associated with gas leaks during seismic events and establish criteria for rebuilding of damaged properties following a local seismic emergency. Accordingly, the local amendments to the CBSC establishing electrification requirements for newly constructed buildings pursuant to this ordinance are reasonably necessary to achieve greenhouse gas emission reductions and avoid risk from gas leaks and fires caused by vibration and ground failure risks from seismic conditions that exist in the city. 3. Flooding/Sea Level Rise: Substantial flooding has historically occurred in Petaluma when a series of closely spaced storms move through the watershed, maintaining saturated soils and prolonged high flows in the tributary creeks. Recent large floods have occurred in 1982, 1986, 1995, 1998, and 2005 The largest flood on record in the City of Petaluma occurred from January 3 through 5, 1982. A significant flood event occurred on December 30-31, 2005, overtaxing both piped and open channel drainage systems. Extreme weather conditions resulting from climate change may result in sudden, prolonged rainfall leading to further flooding events. The mean sea level along the California coast will rise from 1.0 to 1.4 meters (m) by the year 2100. The area near the Petaluma Harbor will experience sea level rise of 1.4 meters (i.e., 55 inches); thereby, putting it at greater risk of flooding.14 Requiring the use of electric rather than natural gas energy in newly constructed buildings in the city will reduce GHG emissions that contribute to the effects of global warming, including those related to extreme weather conditions that may cause flooding and sea level rise that may increase the severity and frequency of flooding. Accordingly, the local amendments to the CBSC establishing electrification requirements for newly constructed buildings pursuant to this ordinance are reasonably necessary to achieve greenhouse gas emission reductions and avoid risk due to severe weather events and sea level rise caused by global warming and heightened risk of flooding 14 California Flood Risk: Sea Level Rise Petaluma River Quadrangle, Pacific Institute, 2009. DocuSign Envelope ID: 3996DB94-3AF4-4A6B-B5C8-A7BDC5506B4A Ordinance No. 2775 N.C.S. Page 10 from flooding conditions that exist in the city. B. In accordance with California Health & Safety Code Section 17958.7, the above-described local conditions support the need for local amendments to the 2019 CBSC. C. The proposed local amendments to the CBSC establishing electrification requirements for newly constructed buildings pursuant to this ordinance are reasonably necessary due to the local conditions described above to achieve specific and greater protections for Petaluman’s public health, safety and welfare than are afforded by the 2019 CBSC. D. Local amendments to the CBSC pursuant to this ordinance, prohibit natural gas infrastructure and equipment in newly constructed buildings, and thus are more stringent than the most current CBSC requirements which otherwise permits such infrastructure and equipment. E. The findings in this section are a public record in accordance with the requirements of Health & Safety Code Section 17958.7. Section 4. Deletion of all-electric incentive. Petaluma Municipal Code Section 17.04.010(J) is hereby revised (strikethrough = deletion; underline = addition) to read as follows: Part 11—2019 California Green Building Standards Code at the Mandatory Level for all Additions and Alterations and at the Tier Two One Level for all Wholly New Construction. For new all-electric construction, Tier One is required, with the exception of for Appendix A4, Division A4.2 Energy Efficiency, and Appendix A5, Division A5.2 Energy Efficiency, both neither of which are not adopted; Section 5. Addition of chapter 17.09 of the petaluma municipal code. A new Petaluma Municipal Code Chapter 17.09 entitled “All Electric Construction in Newly-Constructed Buildings” is hereby added to read as follows: Chapter 17.09 ALL-ELECTRIC CONSTRUCTION IN NEWLY CONSTRUCTED BUILDINGS 17.09.010 Applicability. The requirements of this chapter shall apply to all Newly Constructed Buildings and Substantial Building Alterations as defined in Section 17.36.020 at the time the city receives the building permit application for a Newly Constructed Building or Substantial Building Alteration, except as otherwise provided in this chapter. 17.09.020 Definitions. A. “Accessory Dwelling Unit” shall have the same meaning as specified in Section 65852.2 of the California Government Code, as amended from time to time. B. “All-Electric Building” is a building that uses a permanent supply of electricity as the source of energy for all space heating, water heating (including pools and spas), cooking appliances, and clothes drying appliances, and has no natural gas or propane plumbing installed in the building. C. “All-Electric Design” means a plan or plans for a building or portion thereof that uses a permanent supply of electricity as the source of energy for all space heating, water heating (including pools and spas), cooking appliances, and clothes drying appliances, and has no natural gas or propane plumbing installed in the building. D. “Building” shall have the same meaning as “Building” as specified in the California Building Standards DocuSign Envelope ID: 3996DB94-3AF4-4A6B-B5C8-A7BDC5506B4A Ordinance No. 2775 N.C.S. Page 11 Code at Title 24, Part 2, of the California Code of Regulations as amended from time to time. E. “Electric-Ready” is a building or portion thereof that contains electrical systems and designs that provide capacity for a future retrofit of a Mixed-Fuel Building to an All-Electric Building. To qualify as Electric- Ready, buildings and portions of buildings must include sufficient space, drainage, electrical conductors or raceways, bus bar capacity, and overcurrent protective devices to provide capacity for a future retrofit to an All-Electric Building. F. “Essential Services Buildings” shall have the same meaning as “Essential Services Buildings,” as defined by Health and Safety Code Section 16007, as amended from time to time. For purposes of this chapter, Essential Services Buildings are publicly owned and/or publicly operated buildings whose purpose is to safeguard the public health and safety. Essential Services Buildings generally exclude privately-owned residences and/or commercial buildings; except that, privately-owned commercial buildings may qualify as Essential Services Buildings to the extent they are publicly operated to safeguard the public health and safety. G. “Junior Accessory Dwelling Unit” shall have the same meaning as specified in Section 65852.22 of the California Government Code, as amended from time to time. H. “Mixed-Fuel Building” means a building that uses natural gas or propane as fuel for space heating or cooling, exterior heating, decorative uses, lighting, water heating (including pools and spas), cooking appliances or clothes drying appliances, onsite generation of electricity (except where primarily fueled by onsite, digestion of organic material), or contains fixtures, piping systems, or infrastructure for natural gas or propane equipment for such uses. I. “Natural Gas” shall have the same meaning as “Fuel Gas” as specified in Section 208.0 of the California Plumbing Code and Section 208.0 of the California Mechanical Code, as amended from time to time. J. “Newly Constructed Building” shall mean any building that: (1) is proposed to be located in whole or in part within the city; (2) is not an alteration or addition to or repair of an existing building; (3) is subject to the city’s regulatory authority pursuant to the city’s General Plan, Implementing Zoning Ordinance, SmartCode and/or any adopted Specific Plan or other city land use regulation, regardless of whether a discretionary permit is required or not; and (4) has not been granted and/or is not subject to a valid building permit that remains in effect. K. “Substantial Building Alteration” shall mean an alteration or addition to an existing building involving removal of more than 50% of the perimeter of the exterior walls of the existing building or the addition of more than 50% of the gross floor area to the existing building. 17.09.030 Requirement for All-Electric Construction in Newly Constructed Buildings. A. Newly Constructed Buildings and Substantial Building Alterations must satisfy the definition of an All- Electric Building and/or have an All-Electric Design, except as otherwise provided in this chapter. B. As of the effective date of this chapter, applicants are ineligible to apply for and the Building Official may not grant permits that would convert an All-Electric Building to a Mixed-Fuel Building where the application was submitted on or after the effective date of this Chapter. C. The requirements of this Section are and shall be deemed objective planning standards for purposes of Government Code section 65913.4 and objective development standards for purposes of Government Code section 65589.5, as those sections may be amended from time to time. DocuSign Envelope ID: 3996DB94-3AF4-4A6B-B5C8-A7BDC5506B4A Ordinance No. 2775 N.C.S. Page 12 17.09.040 Exceptions. The requirements of this Chapter shall not apply to: A. Additions and Alterations to existing buildings, except for Substantial Building Alterations; and B. The use of portable propane appliances outside of the building envelope, such as for outdoor cooking and outdoor heating appliances; and C. Essential Services Buildings that are Electric Ready; and D. Back-up power facilities for Essential Services Buildings; and E. Development projects that have obtained vested rights prior to the effective date of this chapter pursuant to a preliminary affordable housing project application in accordance with Government Code Section 65589.5(o), a development agreement in accordance with Government Code Section 65866, a vesting tentative map in accordance with Government Code 66998.1, or pursuant to the ruling in Avco Community Developers Inc. v. South Coast Regional Communication (1976) 17 Cal. 3d 785, or pursuant to other applicable statutory or case law.. 17.09.050 Infeasibility Waiver. A. Grant of Waiver and Waiver Criteria. The Chief Building Official may grant a permit in response to an application to construct of a new Mixed-Fuel Building notwithstanding the requirements of Section 17.09.030, if the Chief Building Official, in his or her sole discretion, determines in writing, based on sufficient information submitted by the permit applicant, that the application qualifies for a waiver in accordance with this section, because it is infeasible for the proposed Newly Constructed Building to be an All Electric Building and/or to have an All Electric Design, in accordance with the following: 1. The proposed Newly-Constructed Building cannot satisfy All-Electric Building or All Electric Design prescriptive requirements based on the Newly Constructed Building’s intended use(s) when compared to the same building and intended use(s) modeled with natural gas under the California Energy Code; or 2. The proposed Newly-Constructed Building cannot satisfy All-Electric Building or All Electric Design performance requirements based on the Newly Constructed Building’s intended use(s) when compared to the same building and intended uses modeled with natural gas using commercially available technology and an approved calculation method under the California Energy Code; and 3. The installation of natural gas piping systems, fixtures and/or infrastructure in the proposed Newly Constructed Building is strictly limited to the system(s) and/or area(s) of the building regarding which the Chief Building Official has determined that meeting All-Electric Building and/or All Electric Design requirements is infeasible; and 4. The proposed Newly Constructed Building is Electric-Ready. B. Cost Not a Factor. Financial considerations are not a basis for determining that it is infeasible for a proposed Newly Constructed Building to meet All Electric Building and/or All Electric Design requirements. C. Appeals. 1. Any aggrieved applicant may appeal the determination of the Chief Building Official regarding the granting or denial of a waiver pursuant to this section. DocuSign Envelope ID: 3996DB94-3AF4-4A6B-B5C8-A7BDC5506B4A Ordinance No. 2775 N.C.S. Page 13 2. Appeals must be filed in writing with the Building Official not later than fourteen (14) days after the date of the Building Official’s written determination regarding the waiver application. 3. Appeals must clearly state the basis for the appeal and provide adequate documentation of the basis for the appeal. 4. Appeals shall be decided by the Building Board of Appeals at a public hearing in accordance with Chapter 17.08 of this code. 17.09.060 Violations. Violations of the requirements of this chapter shall be subject to enforcement and imposition of the civil and administrative remedies in Chapters 1.10, 1.11, 1.13, 1.14, 1.15 and 1.16 of this code. 17.09.070 Periodic Review and Administrative Regulations. The Building Official shall periodically review the requirements of this chapter for ongoing consistency with California Building Standards Code codified in Title 24 of the California Code of Regulations, pursuant to the triennial code adoption cycle and the local amendments in this code and is authorized to promulgate administrative regulations implementing requirements of this chapter. 17.09.080 Energy Code Not Amended. Nothing in this chapter is intended to amend and nothing in this chapter shall be construed so as to amend California Energy Code requirements in Part 6 of Title 24 of the California Code of Regulations. 17.09.090 No Appliance or Appliance System Requirement. Nothing in this chapter is intended to amend or conflict with and nothing in this chapter shall be construed so as to amend or conflict with any provisions of the National Appliance Energy Conservation Act of 1975, and nothing in this chapter is intended to impose and nothing in this chapter shall be construed so as to impose a requirement to use or install any particular appliance or appliance system. Section 6. Severability. If any part of this ordinance is for any reason held to be unconstitutional, unlawful, or otherwise invalid by a court of competent jurisdiction, such decision will not affect the validity of the remaining parts of this ordinance. The City Council of the City of Petaluma hereby declares that it would have passed and adopted this ordinance and each of its provisions irrespective of any part being held invalid. Section 7. Effective Date. This ordinance shall become effective thirty (30) days after the date of its adoption by the Petaluma City Council. Section 8. Posting/Publishing of Notice. The City Clerk is hereby directed to post and/or publish this ordinance or a synopsis of it for the period and in the manner required by the City Charter. The City Clerk is also hereby directed to file a Notice of Exemption concerning this ordinance with the Office of the Sonoma County Clerk in accordance with Section 15062 of the CEQA Guidelines. INTRODUCED and ordered posted/published the 3rd day of May 2021. ADOPTED this 17th day of May 2021 by the following vote: Ayes: Mayor Barrett, Vice Mayor Barnacle, Fischer, Healy, King, McDonnell, Pocekay Noes: None Abstain: None Absent: None DocuSign Envelope ID: 3996DB94-3AF4-4A6B-B5C8-A7BDC5506B4A Ordinance No. 2775 N.C.S. Page 14 Teresa Barrett, Mayor ATTEST: APPROVED AS TO FORM: Kendall Rose, CMC, City Clerk Eric Danly, City Attorney DocuSign Envelope ID: 3996DB94-3AF4-4A6B-B5C8-A7BDC5506B4A