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HomeMy WebLinkAboutOrdinances 1882 03/02/1992~.. FCT~V T F ~ APR 1 1992 ORDINANCE NO. 1882 N.C.S. Introduced by Councilman Seconded by Councilman AN ORDINANCE OF THE CITY OF PETALUMA ADDING SECTION 17.34 TO THE PETALUMA MUNICIPAL CODE PERTAINING TO THE SEISMIC STRENGTHENING OF UNREINFORCED MASONRY BUILDINGS BE IT ORDAINED BY THE COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF PETALUMA AS FOLLOWS: WHEREAS, the State of California has enacted Senate Bill 547/86, requiring seismic hazard identification and adoption of a seismic hazard mitigation program for unreinforced masonry buildings; and WHEREAS, the City Council desires to lessen the risk to life and property of the citizens of Petaluma as posed by unreinforced masonry buildings; and WHEREAS, the City Council has concluded that it wishes to implement Earthquake Hazard Reduction in existing unreinforced masonry buildings; NOW, THEREFORE, the City Council of Petaluma does ordain this Ordinance as follows: Division 1. Chapter 17.34 of the Petaluma Municipal Code is hereby amended to read as follows: Chapter 17.34 SECTIONS: 17.34.010 Purpose 1.7.34.010 Scope of Work 17.34.030 Alternate Materials and Methods of Construction 17.34.040 Definitions 17.34.050 Administration 17.34.060 General Requirements 17.34.070 Material Requirements 17.34.080 Quality Control ~Q,o ~g~a KGs 17.34.090 Allowable Design Values 17.34.100 Detailed System Design Requirements 17.34.110 Time Limits 17.34.111 Tables and Standards 17.34.112 Declaration. of Nuisance 17.34.113 Interpretations 17.34.114 Effective Date Pur ose EARTHQUAKE HAZARD REDUCTION IN EXISTING UNREINFORCED MASONRY WALL BUILDINGS Section 17.34.010. The purpose of this chapter is to promote public safety and welfare by reducing the risk of death or injury that may result from the effects of earthquakes on unreinforced masonry bearing wall buildings. The provisions of this chapter are intended as minimum standards for structural seismic resistance established primarily to reduce the risk of life loss or injury. Compliance with these standards will not necessarily prevent loss of life or injury or prevent earthquake damage to rehabilitated buildings. Building owners who retrofit their buildings in Petaluma in accordance with the provisions of this chapter shall be deemed to have used an acceptable standard of care to protect the safety of the public and occupants of the building. This chapter does not require alteration of existing electrical, accessibility, plumbing, mechanical or fire safety systems. ApplicabilitX Section 17.34.020. The provisions of this chapter shall apply to all existing buildings having at least one unreinforced wall as defined herein. Structural characteristics to be addressed are parapet stability ,wall anchors (roof and floor systems), shear anchors (corners) and external hazards. EXCEPTIONS: This chapter shall not apply to the following: 1. Single-Family Detached dwellings. 2. Detached apartment houses containing less than five (5) dwelling units which are used solely for residential purposes. Alternate Materials and Methods of Construction Section 17.34.030. Alternate materials, designs and methods of construction may be approved by the Building Official in accordance with the current "Uniform Code for Building Conservation". Definitions Section 17.34.040. For the purpose of this chapter, certain terms are defined as follows: CROSS WALLS are interior walls of masonry or wood frame construction with surface finish of wood lath and plaster, minimum 1/2-inch-thick gypsum wallboard or solid 2 v~~ I g S a.. -~ GS horizontal wood sheathing. In order to be considered as a cross wall within the intent of this chapter, cross walls shall be spaced not more than 40 feet apart in each story, and shall be full story height with a minimum length of one and one-half times the story height. UNREINFORCED MASONRY WALL: A masonry wall having all of the following characteristics: 1. Provides the vertical support for a floor or roof. 2. The total superimposed load is over 100 pounds per linear foot. 3. The area of reinforcing steel, if any, is less than. 50 percent of that required by Section 2407(h)4B of the UBC. EXTERNAL HAZARD: An object attached to or forming the exterior facade of a building which may fall onto pedestrians or adjacent buildings. Examples of this type of hazard include, but are not limited to, the following: 1. Parapets; 2. Masonry chimneys; 3. Tile roofing; 4. Masonry or stone wall veneer and wall ornamentation, including cornices or other decorative appendages; 5. Nonstructural exterior wall panels, such as masonry in-fill or decorative precast concrete. Administration Section 17.34.050 (a) Service of Order. The building official shall issue an order, as provided in Subsection (b), to the owner of each building within the scope of this chapter within 60 days from the effective date of this chapter. (b) Contents of Order. The order shall be in writing and shall be served either personally or by certified or registered mail upon the owner. The order shall specify that the building has been determined by the building official to be within the scope of this chapter and, therefore, is required to meet the minimum standards of this chapter. The order shall be accompanied by a copy of this chapter and shall specify the time limits for compliance. (c) Appeal .From Order. The owner or the owner's authorized agent may appeal to the City Council the building official's initial determination that the building is within the scope of this chapter. Such appeal shall be filed with the City Clerk within 60 days from the service date of the order described in Subsection (b). Any such appeal shall be decided by the City Council no later than 60 days after the date that the appeal is filed. Such appeal shall be made in writing and. the ground thereof shall be stated clearly and concisely. Appeals or requests for modifications from any other determinations, orders, or action by the building official pursuant to this chapter, shall be made in accordance with the appeal procedures established in this Ordinance. (d) itecordation. At the conclusion of the appeal period, the building official shall file with the office of the county recorder a certificate stating that the subject building is within the scope of Chapter 17.34, Earthquake Hazard Reduction in Existing Unreinforced 3 ~~o - g g~ rocs Masonry Wall Buildings. The certificate shall also state that the owner thereof has been ordered to bring the building into conformance with Chapter 17.34. (e) Termination of Status. As a result of structural alterations or an analysis is found to be structurally capable of resisting minimum seismic forces required by this chapter; or is demolished; the building official shall file with the Office of the County Recorder a certificate terminating the status of the subject building as being classified within the scope of Chapter 17.34. Further, the Building Official shall also notify the California Seismic Safety Commission and/or other agencies hereafter charged with the maintenance of the California Unreinforced Masonry Building Inventory, that the subject building has been removed from the City Of Petaluma Inventory Of Unreinforced Masonry Buildings, and instructing the Commission and/or agencies to do the same. (f) Enforcement. If the owner fails to comply with any order issued by the building official pursuant to this chapter within any of the time limits set forth in Section 17.34.110, the building official shall order the entire building vacated and remain vacated until such order has been complied with. If compliance with such order has not been accomplished within 90 days after the date the building has been ordered vacated, or by such additional time as may have been granted by the City Council, the building official may initiate proceedings in accordance with the Uniform Code for the Abatement of Dangerous Buildings. In addition, the following remedies are available to: a) The City may seek injunctive relief on behalf of the public to enjoin a building owner's violation of this ordinance. b) A building owner violating this ordinance shall be guilty of a misdemeanor and, upon conviction thereof, shall be punishable by a fine of not more than Five Hundred Dollars ($500) or by imprisonment in the Sonoma County Jail for a term not exceeding six (6) months, or by both such fine and imprisonment. Such building owner is guilty of a separate offense for each and every day during any portion of which such violation of this ordinance is committed, continued or permitted by such building owner. c) These remedies are not exclusive. General Requirements Section 17.34.060. (a) General. Unreinforced masonry wall buildings subject to this chapter shall undergo structural alterations necessary to comply with the minimum requirements set forth in this chapter. As an alternate, said buildings may be demolished subject to the restrictions set forth in the policies and Ordinances of Petaluma. Buildings which have undergone earthquake hazard reduction work. which is deemed by the building official to be equivalent to the requirements set forth in this chapter need have no additional work performed. 4 U~.o ~ 8 ~ ~, NGS (b) Mandatory Requirements. 1. Compliance with Standards. Unreinforced masonry buildings shall comply with provisions of this chapter. Should an owner elect to strengthen a building beyond the mandatory requirements set. forth herein, such additional strengthening work shall comply with other recognized standards (Appendix Chapter 1 of the 1991 UCBC) as approved by the building official. 2. Change In Use. After the effective date of this chapter the time limits set forth in Table No. 17.34.110 shall not apply to any building which will undergo a change of use or occupancy which will result in the building being classified as a Group A Occupancy having an occupant load of 100 or more. Before such building may be used or occupied as a Group A Occupancy it shall be made to comply with provisions of this chapter. (c) Responsibility of Owner As specified in Section 17.34.050, the owner shall comply with the requirements set forth in this subsection by submitting to the building official one of the following: 1. A structural analysis by a civil or structural engineer or architect licensed by the State of California which shall demonstrate that the building meets the minimum requirements of this chapter; or 2. A structural analysis and plans by a civil or structural engineer or architect licensed by the State of California for proposed structural alterations necessary to make the building comply with the minimum requirements of this chapter; or 3. Plans for the demolition of the building. After plans are submitted and approved by the building official, the owner shall obtain a building permit, commence and complete the required construction or demolition within the time limits set forth in Table No. 17.34.110. Material Requirements Section 17.34.070. (a) Existing Materials. All existing materials utilized as part of the lateral force resisting system shall be in sound condition or shall be removed and replaced with new materials. (b) Existing Unreinforced Masonry 1. General. Unreinforced masonry parapets that exceed the maximum height in 17.34.100(C) shall be tested as specified in this subsection. Masonry that does not meet or exceed the minimum standards established by this Chapter shall be removed and replaced by new materials or shall have its structural functions replaced by new materials and anchored to supporting elements. 2. I.ay-Up of Parapets. The facing and backing shall be bonded so that not less than 4 percent of the wall surface of each face is composed of solid headers extending not less than 4 inches into the backing. The distance between adjacent full- length headers shall not exceed.. 24 inches either vertically or horizontally. In walls in which a single header does not extend through the wall, headers from opposite sides shall overlap 5 ~~2D I$`da NGs at least four inches, or headers from opposite sides shall be covered with another header course overlapping the header below at least four inches. Wythes of walls not bonded as described above shall be considered as veneer. The veneer wythe shall not be included in the effective thickness used in calculating the height to thickness ratio of the wall unless it is bonded and anchored to the backing in a manner acceptable to the building official. 3. Mortar A. Tests. The quality of mortar in unreinforced masonry wall shall be determined by performing in-place shear tests in accordance with UBC Standard 24-40. Alternate methods of testing may be approved by the building official. B. Location of Tests. Shear tests shall be taken at locations representative of the mortar conditions throughout the entire building. The exact test location shall be determined at the building site by the engineer or architect in responsible charge of the structural design work. An accurate record of such tests and their location in the building shall be recorded and these results shall be submitted to the building official for approval as part of the structural analysis. C. Number of Tests. The minimum number of tests per wall or line of wall elements providing a common line of resistance to lateral forces shall be as follows: Two (2) tests per wall with a minimum total number of 8 tests or one test per 1,500 square feet of wall area, whichever results in the greater number of tests. D. Minimum Quality Mortar. (i) Mortar shear test values, vto, shall be obtained for each in-place shear test in accordance with the following equation: vto = vtest - PD + LAW WHERE: Vto = Mortar shear test value, in psi. vtest = Shear stress at incipient cracking for each in-place test per UBC Standard No. 24-7. PD + L = Actual dead plus live load in place at the time of testing, in pounds. AW = Area of the wall supporting PD + L at each in-place shear test. (ii) Individual unreinforced masonry walls with vto less than 30 psi shall be pointed prior to retesting. (iii) The mortar shear strength, vto, is the value in psi that is exceeded by 80% of all of the mortar shear test values, vto• (iv) Unreinforced masonry with mortar shear strength, vto' less than 30 psi shall be removed or pointed and retested or treated as veneer. E. Pointing. All deteriorated mortar joints in unreinforced masonry walls shall be pointed according to UBC Standard No. 24-42. Nothing shall prevent pointing with mortar of all masonry wall joints before the tests are made. 6 0-2D I ~ $ ~,~G.S Quality Control Section 17.34.080 (a) Pointing. Special inspection shall be provided during preparation and mortar pointing. (b) Shear Tests. In-place shear tests shall comply with Section 17.34.070(b) and UBC Standard 24-41. (c) Existing Floor Level Wall Anchors. If existing rod anchors are to be utilized as all or part of the required wall anchorage system at the floor level, not less than 5 percent of such existing rod anchors shall be tested by an approved testing laboratory. The minimum number of anchors tested shall be four per floor, with two tests at walls with joists parallel to the wall but not less than 10 percent of the total number of existing tension anchors at each level. The test apparatus shall be supported on the masonry wall at a minimum distance of the wall thickness from the anchor tested. The rod anchor shall be given a preload of 300 lbs prior to establishing a datum for recording elongation. The tension test load reported shall be recorded at one-eight inch relative movement of the anchor and the adjacent masonry surface. Results of all tests shall be reported. The report shall include the test results as related to the wall thickness and joint orientation. Ends of existing anchors shall be secured into the wood framing by an approved method. (d) Testing of Bolts. One-fourth of new embedded bolts in unreinforced masonry walls shall be tested by a special inspector using a torque calibrated wrench to the following minimum torques: 1/2" diameter bolts or dowels = 40 foot-lbs. 5/8" diameter bolts or dowels = 50 foot-lbs. 3/4" diameter bolts or dowels = 60 foot-Ibs. No bolts exceeding 3/4" diameter shall be used. Nuts shall be installed over malleable iron or cut plate washers when bearing on wood and heavy cut washers when bearing on steel. Allowable Design Values Section 17.34.090. (a) Tension Anchors. Allowable values for tension anchors are given in Table No. 17-A. A one-third increase is not allowed for values listed in this table. (b) ®ther 1Vlaterials. Allowable values not specified in this chapter shall be as specified elsewhere in this code. Detailed System Design Requirements Section 17.34.100. (a) Lateral Force on Elements of Structures and Nonstructural Components. Parts or portions of structures, nonstructural components and their anchorage to the main structural system shall be designed for lateral forces in accordance with the following formula: 7 F _ p - Cp Wp ...........................(100-1) Wp shall be as defined in Section 2312(c) of the UBC. The value of Cp need not exceed the values set forth in Table No. 17-B. (b) Wall Anchorage. 1. Anchor Locations. Unreinforced masonry walls shall be anchored at the roof and floor levels in order to resist the forces specified in this section. 2. Wall anchor Requirements. Wall anchors shall be tension bolts through the wall having a maximum spacing of 6 feet or 6 times the wall thickness, whichever is less. Alternate anchors shall be combination tension and shear bolts complying with the requirements set forth in Table No. 17A. Tension bolts used to resist required forces may be assumed to develop the allowable values listed in Table No. 17-A. If access to the exterior face of a masonry wall is prevented by proximity of an existing building or when the appearance of through the wall tension anchors will affect the architectural appearance of the building, embedded bolts conforming to Table No. 17-A may be used. Wall anchors shall be secured to the. rafters or joists to transfer the required forces into roof or floor sheathing. 3. Minimum Wall Anchorage Force. Anchorage of masonry walls to each floor or roof shall resist a minimum force determined by Formula (100-1) or 200 pounds per linear foot, whichever is greater, acting normal to the wall at the level of the floor or roof. Existing wall anchors installed under previous permits must meet or must be upgraded to meet the requirements of this chapter. 4. Anchors at Corners. At the roof and floor levels, combination tension and shear anchors shall be provided within. two feet horizontally from the inside of the corners of the walls. (c) Parapets. Parapets and exterior wall appendages not capable of resisting the forces specified in this section shall be removed, stabilized or braced to insure that the parapets and appendages remain in their original position. The maximum height of an unbraced unreinforced masonry parapet above the level of tension anchors shall not exceed one and one-half (1 1/2) times the thickness of the parapet wall. If the required parapet height exceeds this maximum height, a bracing system designed for the force determined by formula (100-1) shall be installed to support the parapet. Parapet corrective work shall be performed in conjunction with the installation of tension roof anchors. The minimum height of a parapet above the wall anchor shall be twelve (12) inches. EXCEP'TI®N: If a reinforced concrete beam is provided at the top of the wall, the minimum height above the wall anchor may be six (6) inches. (d) Veneer. 1. Unreinforced concrete beam is provided at the top of the wall, the minimum height above the wall anchor may be six (6) inches. 8 (~~, D I b b oL. NCS 2. Veneer shall be anchored. with approved anchor ties, conforming to the required design capacity specified in this code and placed at a maximum spacing of 24 inches with a maximum supported area of two (2) square feet. EXCEPTI®N: Existing veneer anchor ties may be acceptable provided the ties are in good condition and conform to the following minimum size, maximum spacing and material requirements. Existing veneer anchor ties shall be corrugated galvanized iron strips not less than one inch in width, eight inches in length and one-sixteenth of an inch in thickness (1" X 8" X 1/16") or equal and shall be located in every alternate course in the height of the wall at a spacing not to exceed 18 inches on centers horizontally. As an alternate, such ties may be laid in every fourth. course vertically at a spacing not to exceed nine (9) inches on centers horizontally. 3. The location and condition of existing veneer ties shall be verified as follows: A. An approved testing laboratory shall verify the location and spacing of the ties and shall submit a report to the building official for approval as a part of the structural analysis. B. The veneer in a selected area shall be removed to expose a representative sample of ties (not less than four) for inspection by the building official. (g) Mortar Joints. All deteriorated mortar joints in unreinforced masonry walls shall be pointed with Type S or N mortar. Masonry cements shall not be used. Prior to any pointing, the wall surface must be raked and cleaned to remove loose and deteriorated mortar. All preparation and pointing shall be done under continuous inspection by a special inspection certified to inspect masonry or concrete. At the conclusion of the project, the special inspector shall submit a written report to the building official setting forth the portion of the work inspected. Time Limits Section 17.34.110 Time Limits 1?or Compliance Building_Groups Building Owner Action I II III IV Submit Plans for Review 7 yrs 12 yrs 17 yrs 22 yrs Stabilize Parapet 10 yrs 12 yrs 12 yrs 12 yrs Wall Anchors 10 yrs 15 yrs 20 yrs 25 yrs (roof and floor system) Shear Anchors (corners) 10 yrs 15 yrs 20 yrs 25 yrs Start construction within 180 day s after buildi ng permit is issued. Complete Construction within 10 yrs 15 yrs 20 yrs 25 yrs Building Groupings are defined in Petaluma Resolution No. g.2:-48 Ncs"Establishing A List Of Unreinforced Masonry Buildings" 9 ~~~ I ~g ~ -~cs Section 17.34.111 TABLES AND STANDARDS TABLE NO. 17-A ALLOWABLE VALUES FOR TENSION ANCHORS Tune of Installation Allowable Values (1) EXISTING TENSION ANCHORS FOR FLOORS: To be tested per Section 17.34.080(c) Allowable shall be 40% of the average of the tests for anchors having same wall thickness and joist orientation. TENSION BOLTS: Bolts extending entirely through unreinforced masonry walls secured with bearing plates on far side of a 3 wythe minimum wall with a bearing plate having an area of at least 30 square inches. (Z) (3) 18001bs. per bolt 900 lbs. for 2 wythe walls COMBINATION TENSION AND SHEAR BOLTS: Combination tension anal shear bolts Same as for tension are tension bolts centered in a bolts 2-1/2 inch diameter by 8 inch minimum depth hole with dry-pack or nonshrink grout around the circumference of bolt. EMBEDDED BOLTS: Bolts extending to the exterior Same as for tension wall with a 2-1/2 inch round plate bolts under the head and drilled at an angle of 22-1/2 degrees to the horizontal. Bolts shall be centered in 2-1/2 inch diameter holes with dry-pack or non-shrink grout around. circumference of bolts. Bolts shall be tested per Section 17.34.080(d). (2) (3) (1) (1) A one-third increase in allowable stresses is not allowed. (Z) Bolts to be 1/2-inch minimum in diameter. (3) Drilling for bolts and dowels shall be done with an electric rotary drill. Impact tools shall not be used for drilling holes or tightening anchors and shear bolt nuts. 10 d~,~ I~ g~ NGS TABLE NO. 17-B HORIZONTAL FORCE FACTOR "Cp" FOR PARTS OR PORTIONS OF BUILDINGS OR OTHER STRUCTIJIZES Part or Portion Direction Value of of Buildings of Force Cp Exterior bearing and nonbearing Normal-to-flat 0.30 walls; interior bearing walls surface and partitions; interior non- bearing walls and partitions over 10 feet in height. Cantilever parapet and other Normal-to-flat 0.80 cantilever walls, except surface retaining walls. Exterior and interior ornamen- Any direction 1.00 tations and appendages. Prefabricated structural Any horizontal 0.30 elements, other than walls, direction with force applied at center of gravity of assembly. Connections for exterior Any direction 2.00 panels or elements. Braced Parapets Normal-to-flat 0.30 surface TABLE NO. 17-C ALLOWABLE VALUE OF HEIGHT-TIFIICKNESS RATIO OF UNREINFORCED MASONRY WALLS WITH MINIMUM QUALITY MORTAR (1) Buildings with Crosswalls As Defined by Section All Other 17.34.040 Buildings Walls of one-story buildings First-story walls of two-story building Walls in top story of two-story buildings 16 13 16 15 14 9 mimum qua ity mortar shall be determined by laboratory testing in accordance with Section 17.34.070. 11 O~.o ~~ga NGS UNIFORM BUILDING CODE STANDARD N0.24-40 IN-PLACE MASONRY SHEAR TESTS The bed joints of the outer wythe of the masonry shall be tested in shear by laterally displacing a single brick relative to the adjacent bricks in the same wythe. The head joint opposite the loaded end of the test brick shall be carefully excavated and cleared. The brick adjacent to the loaded end of the test brick shall be carefully removed by sawing or drilling and excavating to provide space for a hydraulic ram and steel loading blocks. Steel blocks, the size of the end of the brick, shall be used on each end of the ram to distribute the load to the brick. The blocks shall not contact the mortar joints. The load shall be applied horizontally, in the plane of the wythe, until either a crack can be seen or slip occurs. The strength of the mortar shall be calculated by dividing the load at the first crack or movement of the test brick by the nominal gross area of the sum of the two bed joints. UNIFORM BUILDING CODE STANDARD N0.24-42 POINTING OF UNREINFORCED MASONRY WALLS POINTING The old mortar should be cut out, by means of a toothing chisel or a special painter's grinder, to a uniform depth of 3/4", or until sound mortar is reached. Care must be taken not to damage the brick edges. All dust anal debris must be removed from the joint by brushing, blowing air or rinsing with water. Mortar mix shall be Type "S" or "N" proportions as called for in the construction specification. The tuck-pointing mortar should be pre-hydrated to reduce excessive shrinkage. The proper pre-hydration process is as follows: All dry ingredients should be thoroughly mixed. Only enough clean water should be added to the dry mix to produce a damp, workable consistency which will retain its shape when formed into a ball. The mortar should stand in this dampened condition for one to one and one-half hours. The joints to be tuck-pointed should be dampened, but to ensure a good bond, the brickwork must absorb all surface water. Add water to the pre-hydrated mortar to bring it to a workable consistency which is somewhat drier than conventional mortar. The mortar should be packed tightly into the joints in thin layers not to exceed 1/4 inch. Each layer should become "thumbprint hard" before applying the next layer. The joints should be tooled to match the original profile after the last layer of mortar is "thumbprint hard". RELAYING OF BRICK Replacement bricks must match the originals with respect to size, color, and texture where exposed. Atuck-pointing tooling chisel should be used to cut out of the mortar which surrounds the affected units. Power driven impact tools are not allowed. Once the units are removed, all of the old mortar shall be carefully chiseled out and all dust and debris shall be swept out with a brush. If used brick is to be relayed, it shall be cleaned of all old mortar. The brick surfaces in the wall shall be dampened before new units are placed, but the masonry should absorb all surface moisture to ensure a good bond. The appropriate surfaces of the surrounding brickwork and the replacement brick should be buttered with mortar. The replacement brick should be centered in the opening and pressed into position. The excess mortar 12 o~.~ -g~ a ~-~ should be removed with a trowel. Pointing around the replacement brick will help to ensure full head and bed joints. When the mortar becomes "thumbprint hard", the points shall be tooled to match the original profile. Section 17.34.112 Declaration of Nuisance In addition to the penalties provided in this chapter, any condition caused or permitted to exist in violation of any of the provisions of this code shall be deemed a public nuisance and may be abated by the City as such in any manner authorized by law. 17.34.113 Inte~retations. The interpretation of the building official shall prevail on matters relating to the implementation of this ordinance. 17.34.114 Effective Date. This ordinance shall become effective on the thirty-first day after its passage. IF ANY SECTION, subsection, sentence, clause or phrase or word of this ordinance is for any reason held to be unconstitutional by a court of competent jurisdiction, such decision shall not affect the validity of the remaining portions of this ordinance. The City Council of the City of Petaluma hereby declares that it would have passed and adopted this ordinance and each and all provisions thereof irrespective of the fact that any one or more of said provisions be declared unconstitutional. Posting. The City Clerk shall, and is hereby directed to, post/publish this ordinance for the period and in the manner as required by law. INTRODUCED and ordered Posted/Published this 18th day of FPbruar3~ > 1992. ADOPTED this 2nd day of March , 1992, by the following vote: AYES: Read, Cavanagh, Nelson, Vice Mayor Woolsey, Mayor Hilligoss NOES: None ordurm / urm Ord. 1882 NCS 13 0-~.D ~ S1 &~ CS ABSENT: Davis, Sobel ABSTAIN: _ a '~_~~ avnr