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HomeMy WebLinkAboutResolution 2012-094 N.C.S. 06/18/2012 Resolution No. 2012-094 N.C.S. of the City of Petaluma, California APPROVING THE CITY OF PETALUMA.INVESTMENT POLICY AND DELEGATING INVESTMENT AUTHORITY TO THE CITY TREASURER FOR FISCAL YEARS 2011-2012 AND 2012-2013 WHEREAS, the City Treasurer has rendered to the City Council a Statement of Investment Policy; and, WHEREAS, the City Treasurer has the responsibility to invest the pooled idle cash from all City funds pursuant to California Government Code Sections 53601 and 53635; and, WHEREAS, the City Treasurer has developed a Statement of Investment Policy and submitted said Policy to the City Council for review. NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED that the.City Council approves the City of Petaluma Investment Policy and delegates investment authority to the City Treasurerfor Fiscal Years 2011-2012 and 2012-2013 as shown in Exhibit A attached. Under the power and authority conferred upon this Council by the Charter of said City. REFERENCE: 1 hereby certify the foregoing Resolution was introduced and adopted by the pproved as to Council of the City of Petaluma at a Regular meeting on the le day of June,2012. IF/ form: by the following vote: City Attorney AYES: Albertson, Harris,Healy, Kearney, Vice Mayor Renee NOES: Barrett,Mayor Glass ABSENT: None ABSTAIN: None S <-=-�'_�, C�/ ATTEST: S kil Ili eputy City Clet Mayor Resolution No. 2012-094 N.C.S. Page 1 EXHIBIT A TO THE RESOLUTION CITY OF PETALUMA, CALIFORNIA STATEMENT OF INVESTMENT POLICY For Fiscal Years 2011-2012 and 2012-2013 William Mushallo Finance Director/City Treasurer Resolution No. 2012-094 N.C.S. Page 2 CITY OF PETALUMA, CALIFORNIA STATEMENT OF INVESTMENT POLICY FOR FISCAL YEARS 2011- 2012 AND 2012-2013 POLICY It is the policy of the City of Petaluma, CA (the "City") to manage public funds in a manner consistent with the following objectives: comply with all laws of the State of California pertaining to the investment of public funds; safeguard the principal of funds under its control, meet the daily cash flow requirements and to achieve a reasonable rate of return with the maximum security. SCOPE This investment policy applies to all financial assets of the City. These funds are accounted for in the City Comprehensive Annual Financial Report and include: General Fund Special Revenue Funds Debt Service Funds Capital Project Funds Enterprise Funds Internal Service Funds Permanent and Private Purpose Trust Funds This Policy shall also apply to funds of the Petaluma Community Development Commission (PCDC), City acting in its capacity as Successor Agency, Petaluma Public Financing Authority, City of Petaluma Public Financing Corporation and any other fund under the control of the City Treasurer. PRUDENCE Investments shall be made with care, skill, prudence, and diligence under the circumstances then prevailing, including, but not limited to, the general economic conditions and the anticipated needs of the City, that a prudent person acting in a like capacity and familiarity with those matters would use in the conduct of funds of a like character and with like aims, to safeguard the principal and maintain the liquidity needs of the City. The City Treasurer and authorized individuals acting in accordance with written procedures and the investment policy and exercising due diligence shall be relieved of personal responsibility for an individual security's credit risk or market price changes, provided deviations from expectations are reported in a timely fashion and appropriate action is taken to control adverse developments. Resolution No. 2012-094 N.C.S. Page 3 OBJECTIVE The primary objective in priority order, of the City's investment activities shall be: 1. Safety: Safety of principal is the foremost objective of the investment program. Investments of the City shall be undertaken in a manner that seeks to ensure the preservation of capital in the overall portfolio. 2. Liquidity: The City's investment portfolio will remain sufficiently liquid to enable the City to meet all operating requirements which might be reasonably anticipated. 3. Return on Investments: The City's investments shall be designed with the objective of attaining a rate of return throughout budgetary and economic cycles, commensurate with the City's investment risk constraints and the cash flow characteristics of the portfolio. DELEGATION OF AUTHORITY Under the City Charter Section 24, the City Treasurer is appointed by the City Manager with the approval of the City Council. The City Treasurer is also the City's Finance Director. Pursuant to the Government Code, the City Council delegates the authority to invest or to reinvest funds, or to sell or exchange securities so purchased, to the City Treasurer for a one-year period. The City Treasurer is charged with the responsibility for carrying out the policies of the City Council and shall assume full responsibility for investment transactions until the delegation of authority is revoked or expires. No person may engage in an investment transaction except as provided under the limits of this Investment Policy. The daily cash management, investment transactions and account reconciliations are the primary responsibilities of the City Treasurer. These activities are also carried out by other members of the Finance Department under the direction of the City Treasurer. The City Treasurer shall establish procedures for the operation consistent with this investment policy. ETHICS AND CONFLICT OF INTEREST Officers and employees involved in the investment process shall refrain from personal business activities that could conflict with proper execution of the investment program or which could impair their ability to make impartial decisions. Officers and employees involved in the investment process shall abide by the Conflict of Interest Code, (California, Government Code Section 1090 et seq.) and the California Political Reform Act (California Government Code Section 81000 et seq.). SOCIALLY RESPONSIBLE INVESTING Investments are encouraged in entities that support community well-being through safe and environmentally sound practices and fair labor practices. Investments are encouraged in entities Resolution No. 2012-094 N.C.S. Page 4 that support quality of rights regardless of sex, race, age, disability or sexual orientation. Investments are discouraged in entities that manufacture tobacco products. In addition, investments are encouraged in entities that offer banking products to serve all members of the local community, and investments are discouraged in entities that have had past criminal or regulatory violations. PERMITTED INVESTMENTS California Government Code Sections 53601 et seq. and 53635 govern the investments permitted for purchase by the City. Within the investments permitted by the Code, the City seeks to further restrict eligible investments to the investments listed below. Percentage limitations, where indicated, apply at the time of the purchase. Rating requirements where indicated apply at the time of purchase. In the event a security held by the City is subject to a rating change that brings it below the minimum specified rating requirement, the City Treasurer shall notify the City Council of the change. The course of action to be followed will then be decided on a case-by-case basis, considering such factors as the reason for the rate drop, prognosis for recovery or further rate drops, and the market price of the security. Investment maturities shall be based on review of cash flow forecasts. Maturities will be scheduled so as to permit the City to meet all projected obligations. No investment shall be made in any security, other than a security underlying a repurchase or reverse repurchase agreement, that at the time of the investment has a term remaining to maturity in excess of five years (except for bond proceeds), unless the City Council has granted express authority to make that investment no less than three months prior to the investment. ELIGIBLE INVESTMENTS A. State of California Local Agency Investment Fund (LAIF). The City may invest in LAW up to statutory limits. B. Sonoma County Investment Pool. The City may invest in the Sonoma County Investment Pool. A maximum of$10 million may be invested in this category. • C. California Asset Management Program Trust (CAMP). The City may invest in the shares in the California Asset Management Trust, so long as the portfolio is rated among the top two rating categories by one of the nationally recognized rating agencies. A maximum of$50 million may be invested in this category. D. Certificates of Deposit. FDIC insured or fully collateralized time certificates of deposit in financial institutions located in the United States including a Placement Service such as Certificate of Deposit Account Registry Service (CDARS). Collateralized certificates of deposit shall be handled in accordance with California Government Code section 53530 et seq. The City, at its discretion, may waive the collateralization requirements for any portion of the deposit that is covered by federal deposit insurance. As noted above Resolution No. 2012-094 N.C.S. Page 5 the City may also invest in fully insured certificates of deposit utilizing a placement service such as CDARS, as provided under California Government Code section 53601.8. The maximum term for certificates of deposit shall be two years. Investments in certificates of deposit are further limited to 30% of surplus funds. E. Banker's Acceptances. Banker's acceptances issued by domestic or foreign banks, which are eligible for purchase by the Federal Reserve System. Purchases of banker's acceptances may not exceed 180 days maturity. Eligible banker's acceptances are restricted to issuing financial institutions with short-term paper rated in the highest category by one or more nationally recognized rating services. Investments in banker's acceptances are further limited to 40% of the portfolio with no more than 30% of surplus invested in the banker's acceptances of any one commercial bank. F. U.S. Government Issues. United States Treasury notes, bonds, bills, or certificates of indebtedness, or those for which the faith and credit of the United States are pledged for the payment of principal and interest. G. Federal Agency Securities. Federal agency or United States government-sponsored enterprise obligations, participations, or other instruments, including those issued by or fully guaranteed as to principal and interest by federal agencies or United States government-sponsored enterprises. H. Repurchase Agreements. Repurchase agreements are to be used solely as short-term investments not to exceed 30 days. The City may enter into repurchase agreements with primary dealers of the Federal Reserve Bank of New York or with a nationally or state- chartered bank that has or has had a significant banking relationship with the City as defined in the California Government Code 53601 (j)(4)(A). The following collateral restrictions will be observed: Only U.S. Treasury securities or Federal Agency securities will be acceptable collateral. All securities underlying repurchase agreements.must be delivered to the.City's custodian bank versus payment or be handled under a properly executed tri-party repurchase agreement. The total market value of all collateral for each repurchase agreement must equal or exceed 102 percent of the total dollar value of the money invested by the City for the term of the investment. For any repurchase agreement with a term of more than one day, the value of the underlying securities must be reviewed on an on-going basis according to market conditions. Market value must be calculated each time there is a substitution of collateral. The City or its trustee shall have perfected first security interest under the Uniform Commercial Code in all securities subject to repurchase agreement. The City shall have properly executed a Professional Services Agreement with each counter party with which it enters into repurchase agreements. Resolution No.2012-094 N.C.S. Page 6 1. Money Market Funds. Shares of beneficial interest issued by diversified management companies that are money market funds registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) under the Investment Company Act of 1940 (15 U.S.C., Sec. 80a-1, et seq.). The City may invest in shares of beneficial interest issued by a company which shall have met either of the following criteria: a. Attained the highest ranking or the highest letter and numerical rating provided by not less than two nationally recognized rating services. (or) b. Retained an investment adviser registered or exempt from registration with the SEC with not less than five years experience in managing money market mutual funds with assets under management in excess of five hundred million dollars ($500,000,000). The purchase price of shares of beneficial interest purchased pursuant to this subdivision shall not include any commission that the companies may charge. Investments in Money Market Funds are further limited to 20% of the portfolio. J. Medium-Term Notes. Medium-term notes are defined as all corporate and depository institution debt securities with a maturity of not more than five years or less, issued by corporations organized and operating within the United States or by depository institutions licensed by the United States or any state, and operating within the United States. Notes eligible for investment under this subdivision shall be rated "A" or better by an NRSRO. Purchases of medium-term notes shall not exceed 20 percent of the City's funds, and no more than 10% of the City's investment portfolio may be invested in the securities of any one issuer. K. Negotiable Certificates of Deposit(NCDs) issued by a nationally or state chartered bank or a state or federal savings and loan association or by a state-licensed branch of a foreign bank; provided that the senior debt obligations of the issuing institution are rated in one of the two highest rating categories (without regard to any gradations within such categories by numerical qualifier or otherwise) by a NRSRO. No more than 20% of the portfolio may be invested in NCDs. L. Commercial Paper rated in the highest letter and number rating category by one or more NRSROs. Commercial paper rated below the highest letter and number rating by one or more NRSROs is not eligible for purchase for the City's portfolio. The corporation that issues the commercial paper shall meet all of the following conditions in either paragraph (1) or paragraph (2) (1) The entity meets the following criteria: (a is organized and operating within the United States, as (a) general corporation, (b) has total assets in excess of five hundred million dollars ($500,000,000), and (c) has debt, other than commercial paper, if any, that is rated in the highest rating category (without regard Resolution No. 2012-094 N.C.S. Pagel to any gradations within such categories by numerical qualifier or otherwise) by a NRSRO. (2) The entity meets the following criteria: (a) is organized within the United States as a special purpose corporation, trust or limited liability company, (b) has program-wide credit enhancements including, but not limited to over collateralization, letters of credit,or surety bond, and (c) has commercial paper that is rated "A-1" or higher, or the equivalent by a NRSRO. Eligible commercial paper shall have a maximum maturity of 270 days or less. No more than 15% of City's portfolio may be invested in eligible commercial paper. No more than 10% of the outstanding commercial paper of any single corporate issuer may be purchased by the local agency. ELIGIBLE INVESTMENTS FOR BOND PROCEEDS Bond Proceeds shall be invested in securities permitted by the applicable bond documents. If the bond documents are silent as to the permitted investments, bond proceeds will be invested in securities permitted by this Policy. With respect to maximum maturities, the Policy authorizes investing bond reserve fund proceeds beyond the five years if prudent in the opinion of the City Treasurer. INELIGIBLE INVESTMENTS As provided in California Government Code section 53601.6 and this policy, the City shall not invest any funds in: • Inverse Floaters • Range Notes • Mortgage Derived Interest-Only Strips • Any security that could result in zero interest accrual if held to maturity. The purchase of any security not listed above, but permitted by the California Government Code, is prohibited unless the City Council approves the investment either specifically or as a part of an investment program approved by the Board. Exclusion of these investment vehicles is consistent with the City's overall objectives of achieving reasonable returns on public funds while minimizing risk and capital losses. Although the potential exists for greater yields with these vehicles, there is the potential level of risk that can exceed their benefits. BROKERS To provide for the optimum yield in the City's portfolio, the City's procedures shall be designed to encourage competitive bidding on transactions from an approved list of broker/dealers. The City Treasurer, or the City's investment advisor, shall maintain a list of authorized broker/dealers and financial institutions that are approved for investment purposes. This list will Resolution No. 2012-094 N.C.S. Page 8 be developed after a comprehensive credit and capitalization analysis indicates the firm is adequately financed to conduct business with public entities. It shall be the policy of the City to purchase securities only from those authorized institutions or firms. If the City has engaged the services of a registered investment advisory firm, the firm is authorized to conduct investment transactions on the City's behalf with their own list of approved broker/dealers and financial institutions. The investment advisor's approved list must be made available to the City. SAFEKEEPING AND CUSTODY All security transactions entered into by the City of Petaluma, CA shall be conducted on a delivery-versus-payment (DVP) basis. This procedure ensures that securities are deposited with the third-party custodian prior to the release of funds. A third party custodian designated by the City Treasurer and evidenced by safekeeping receipts will hold securities. The only exceptions to the foregoing are Local Agency Investment Pools, Certificates of Deposit, and money market funds since the purchased securities are not deliverable. In all cases, purchased securities shall be held in the City's name. INTERNAL CONTROL The City Treasurer shall establish an annual process of independent review by an external auditor. This review will provide internal control by assuring compliance with the Statement of Investment Policy and procedures. PERFORMANCE STANDARDS The investment portfolio shall be designed with the objective of obtaining a reasonable rate of return throughout budgetary and economic cycles, commensurate with the investment risk constraints and the cash flow needs. The City will measure the portfolio's performance against a market benchmark that is commensurate with the City's investment risk constraints and the cash flow characteristics of the portfolio. REPORTING The City Treasurer shall provide a quarterly investment report to the City Council, which provides a clear picture of the status of the current investment portfolio, including transactions. This report will be formally submitted to the City Council after each quarter at a public meeting. Schedules in the quarterly Treasurer's Report will include the following: • Listing of individual securities held at the end of the reporting period. Resolution No. 2012-094 N.C.S. Page 9 • Realized and unrealized gains or losses resulting from appreciation or depreciation by listing the cost and market value of securities over one-year duration that are not intended to be held until maturity(in accordance with Governmental Accounting Standards Board (GASB) requirements). • Average weighted yield to maturity of portfolio on investments as compared to applicable benchmarks. • Listing of investment by maturity date. • Percentage.of the total portfolio which each type of investment represents. The quarterly report shall state compliance of the portfolio to the investment policy, or manner in which the portfoliois•not in compliance. The quarterly report shall also include a statement certifying the ability of the City to meet its expenditure requirements for the next six months. POLICY REVIEW The investment policy shall be reviewed at least annually to ensure its consistency with the overall objectives of preservation of principal, liquidity and yield, and its relevance to current law and financial and economic trends. The investment policy shall be adopted by resolution of the City Council on an annual basis. Any amendments to the policy shall be forwarded to the City Council for approval. Resolution No.2012-094 N.C.S. Page 10 CITY OF PETALUMA STATEMENT OF INVESTMENT POLICY FOR FISCAL YEARS 2011-12 AND 2012-13 GLOSSARY OF TYPES OF INVESTMENTS AVAILABLE TO LOCAL GOVERNMENTS STATE INVESTMENT Pool,(LAIF) The Local Agency Investment Fund (LAIF), a voluntary program created by statute, began in 1977 as an investment alternative for California's local governments and special districts and continues today under the State of California Treasurer's office. The enabling legislation for the LAIF is Section 16429.1,2,3 of the California Government Code. This program offers participating agencies the opportunity to participate in a major portfolio which daily invests hundreds of millions of dollars, using the investment expertise of the Treasurer's Office Investment staff at no additional cost to the taxpayer. This in-house management team is comprised of civil servants who have individually worked for the State Treasurer's Office for over 20 years. The LAIF is part of the Pooled Money Investment Account (PMIA). The PMIA began in 1953 and has oversight provided by the Pooled Money Investment Board (PMIB) and an in-house Investment Committee. The PMIB Board members are the State Treasurer, Director of Finance, and State Controller. The LAIF has oversight by the Local Investment Advisory Board (L1AB). The Board consists of five members as designated by Statute. The Chairman is the State Treasurer, or his designated representative. Two members qualified by training and experience in the field of investment or finance, and the State Treasurer appoints two members who are Treasurers, finance or fiscal officers or business managers employed by any County, City or local district or Municipal Corporation of this state. The term of each appointment is two years or at the pleasure of the appointing authority. All securities are purchased under the authority of the Government Code Section 16430 and 16480.4. The State Treasurer's Office takes delivery of all securities purchased on a delivery versus payment basis using a third party custodian. All investments are purchased at market, and market valuation is conducted monthly. Additionally,the PM1A has Policies, Goals, and Objectives for the portfolio to make certain that our goals of Safety, Liquidity and Yield are not jeopardized and that prudent management prevails. These policies are formulated by investment staff and reviewed by both the PMIB and the LIAB on an annual basis. The Bureau of State Audits on an annual basis audits the State Treasurer's Office. The resulting opinion is included in the subsequent PMIB monthly report following its publication. The Bureau Resolution No. 2012-094 N.C.S. Page 11 of State Audits also has a continuing audit process throughout the year. The State Controller's Office as well as an in-house audit process involving three separate divisions audit all investment and LAIF claims on a daily basis. There is a limitation of$50 million per legal entity within an agency. There is also a maximum of fifteen transactions, deposits or withdrawals per month. SONOMA COUNTY INVESTMENT POOL The Sonoma County Treasurer maintains an investment pool in which the County, Schools, Special Districts and Cities can participate. This investment pool operates in the same manner as the State pool. The County Treasurer is subject to the same State Government Code regarding investments as the City. As with the State investment fund, City funds can be withdrawn at any time and are protected by State Law from seizure or impoundment by any County Officer. The City does not participate in this pool but retains the option to do so. CALIFORNIA ASSET MANAGEMENT PROGRAM (CAMP) CAMP provides California public agencies, together with any bond trustee acting on behalf of such public agency, assistance with the investment of and accounting for bond proceeds and surplus funds. For bond proceeds, the objective of CAMP is to invest and account of such proceeds in compliance with arbitrage management and rebate requirements of the Internal Revenue Service. The program includes the California Asset Management Trust, a California common law trust organized in 1989. The Trust currently offers a professionally managed money market investment portfolio, the Cash Reserve Portfolio, to provide public agencies with a convenient method of pooling funds for temporary investment pending their expenditure. The Trust also provides record keeping, custodial and arbitrage rebate calculation services for bond proceeds. As part of the program, public agencies may also establish individual, professionally managed investment accounts. The Pool seeks to attain as high a level of current income as is consistent with the preservation of principal. The Pool purchases only investments of the type in which public agencies are permitted by statute to invest surplus funds and proceeds of their own bonds. CERTIFICATES OF DEPOSITS(CD) Certificates of Deposits, sometimes known as "Jumbo Accounts" or "Fixed CD's" are savings accounts with Banks or Savings and Loans. These accounts are for a specific amount, have a set interest rate, and set maturity date. There is a substantial interest penalty if the CD is withdrawn prior to the maturity date. The State law requires Public Fund CD's to be collateralized by the financial institution at 110% with US Government notes/bonds or at 150% with quality First Trust Deeds. This collateral can be waived if Federal Insurance (FDIC) is available. These federal agencies will insure each account up to $100,000, ($250,000 through December 2012) Resolution No. 2012-094 N.C.S. Page 12 The City generally waives the collateralization requirements for the FDIC insurance. The waiver of collateral is a wide spread practice and will generally generate higher interest rates and provide the greatest security for the funds from the Federal Insurance Agencies. For deposits in excess of $100,000, ($250,000 through December 2012), the collateralization requirements are not waived. A Placement Service such as Certificate of Deposit Account Registry Service (CDARS) is a combination of Certificates of Deposits managed by a single bank that can access multi-million dollars in FDIC coverage on CD investments made through a single bank relationship. The single bank relationship means avoiding tracking collateral on an ongoing basis, requiring surety bonds, or working directly with multiple banks. BANKER'S ACCEPTANCES(BA) A Banker's Acceptance is a time draft of invested funds, which has been drawn on and accepted for repayment by a bank. This financial instrument is generally used for short term (30 and 180 days) financing of export, import, or storage of goods. By accepting the draft (investment of City funds), the bank is liable for the payment at maturity. This bank liability makes the Banker's Acceptance a marketable investment. The State Code limits BA's to not more than 180 days to maturity and 40% of the local agency's portfolio. In addition, not more than 30% of the local agency's portfolio may be placed in any one bank. US TREASURY BILLS Commonly referred to as T-Bills, these are short-term marketable securities sold as obligations of the US Government. They are offered in three month, six month, nine month and one-year maturities. T-Bills do not accrue interest but are sold at a discount, and pay the face value at maturity. US TREASURY NOTES These are marketable, interest-bearing securities sold as obligations of the US Government with original maturities of one to ten years. Interest is paid semi-annually. US TREASURY BONDS These are the same as US Treasury Notes except they have original maturities of ten years or longer. FEDERAL AGENCY ISSUES Many Federal Government Agencies are authorized to issue short term and long term obligations that are used to finance various programs such as home loans, business loans, farm loans, etc. These Agencies were created by the Federal Government in the 1930's and have since become independent quasi-public agencies. The security for their issues is the guarantee of the Agency to pay. The Federal Government has only an implied liability to the extent that the Agency has an Resolution No. 2012-094 N.C.S. Page 13 open credit line to borrow from the U.S. Treasury. It is widely accepted that Federal Agency issues are almost as secure as U.S. Government notes. There is an active secondary market available to sell these issues prior to maturity. The issues are fairly liquid depending on the prevailing market interest rates at the time of sale. Some of the more common agency notes are issued by the Federal National Mortgage Association (Fannie Mae), Federal Home Loan Banks, Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (Freddie Mac), and the Federal Farm Credit Banks. REPURCHASE AGREEMENTS AND REVERSE REPURCHASE AGREEMENTS(REPOS) A Repurchase Agreement is a short-term investment agreement to loan City funds for a fixed period in return for a fixed interest rate and secured collateral, such as U.S. Treasuries or Agency Notes. This type of investment is usually done for overnight or very short term (7 days) investment of funds left in the general operating checking account. Reverse Repurchase agreements is a short-term investment, which is used to take advantage of market interest rate changes and increase the size of the portfolio. State law was amended in 1996 to limit the use of both repurchase and reverse repurchase agreements. COMMERCIAL PAPER(CP) Commercial Paper is defined as an unsecured promissory note of industrial corporations, utilities and bank holding companies. The notes are in bearer form in amounts starting at $100,000. State law limits the City to investments in United States corporations having assets in excess of five hundred million dollars with an "A" or higher rating. State Law also permits cities to invest in Asset Back Commercial Paper (ABCP) from issuers organized within the United States as a special purpose corporation, trust or limited liability company. ABCP issuers must have program wide credit enhancements including, but not limited to, over collateralization, letters of credit, or surety bond. Cities may not invest more than 25% of the portfolio in commercial paper nor purchase more than 10 percent of the outstanding commercial paper of any single issuer. The maximum maturity of the commercial paper may not exceed a term of 270 days. MEDIUM TERM NOTES (MTN) Debt securities issued by a corporation or depository institution with a maturity ranging for nine months to five years. The term "medium-term note" refers to the time it takes for an obligation to mature and includes other corporate securities originally issued for maturities longer than five years, but which have now fallen within the five year maturity range. MTNs issued by banks are also called bank notes. MUTUAL FUNDS An investment company that pools money and can invest in a variety of securities, including fixed-income securities and money market instruments, cities may invest in Mutual Funds or Money Market funds that receive the highest ranking or the highest letter and numerical rating by Resolution No. 2012-094 N.C.S. Page 14 two of the three largest nationally recognized rating services. The Mutual Funds must abide by the same investment restrictions and regulations that apply to public agencies in California. Money Market Funds must follow regulations specified the Security and Exchange Commission under the Investment Company Act of 1940. Mutual Funds have floating Net Asset Values (NAV), which means the amount received at redemption may be more or less than the amount originally invested. Money Market Funds strive to maintain a constant NAV. GUARANTEED INVESTMENT CONTRACT(GIC) This is an agreement acknowledging receipt of funds for deposit, specifying terms for withdrawal and guaranteeing a rate of interest to be paid. The investment follows all state laws for the investment of public funds. GIC's are only permitted for bond proceeds. Negotiable Certificates of Deposit Unsecured obligations of the financial institution, bank or savings and loan, bought at par value with the promise to pay face value plus accrued interest at maturity. They are investment grade negotiable instruments, paying a higher interest rate than regular certificates of deposit. The primary market issuance is in multiples of$l million, the secondary market usually trades in denominations of$500,000. Resolution No. 2012-094 N.C.S. Page 15